Zeneo, an automatic, single-use needle-free injection device, was initially developed by Laboratoires Fournier in its drug delivery division, in collaboration with SNPE (Société Nationale des Poudres et Explosifs). In 2001, the technology was sold to the newly established Crossject. GSK was initially Crossject’s main partner, aiming to develop a solution for its vaccines. However, this market was deemed too risky due to the high investment requirement, low margins and the need for large volumes. Consequently, Crossject underwent a restructuring between 2011 and 2013, altering its strategy. Crossject’s current objective is to offer its own pre-filled devices based on New Therapeutic Entities, utilising known drugs with innovative delivery systems, rather than selling devices to major pharmaceutical companies for their chemical entities. An industrial partnership was established with Cenexi in 2016 for aseptic filling and final packaging, and with Eurofins in FY24. Currently, the Zeneo device is protected by over 400 patents in countries covering 80% of the global market, including the US, Europe and Japan, with validity until 2036.